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unixcommands
Useful commands:
cd................Change Directory
cp................Copy File(s)
cat...............Print Out A File Onto The Screen
mv................Move File(s)
mkdir.............Make A Directory
locate............Find A File(s)
ed................Editor
vi................Editor
ls -a.............List ALL Files
locate /..........List ALL Files on entire hard drive
rm................Delete
tar...............Untar (like zip) a file
netstat -r........Show all computers connected
pine..............Opens pine, and e-mail system
telnet............Program to connect to other computers
lynx..............Internet browser
who...............Show who you are
kill..............Stop a program
man...............Get help
passwd...........Change password
Another list:
ls ................. show directory, in alphabetical order
logout ............. logs off system
mkdir .............. make a directory
rmdir .............. remove directory (rm -r to delete folders with files)
rm ................. remove files
cd ................. change current directory
man (command) ...... shows help on a specific command
talk (user) ........ pages user for chat - (user) is a email address
write (user) ....... write a user on the local system (control-c to end)
pico (filename) .... easy to use text editor to edit files
pine ............... easy to use mailer
more (file) ........ views a file, pausing every screenful
sz ................. send a file (to you) using zmodem
rz ................. recieve a file (to the unix system) using zmodem
telnet (host) ...... connect to another Internet site
ftp (host) ......... connects to a FTP site
archie (filename) .. search the Archie database for a file on a FTP site
irc ................ connect to Internet Relay Chat
lynx ............... a textual World Wide Web browset
gopher ............. a Gopher database browser
tin, trn ........... read Usenet newsgroups
passwd ............. change your password
chfn ............... change your "Real Name" as seen on finger
chsh ............... change the shell you log into
grep ............... search for a string in a file
tail ............... show the last few lines of a file
who ................ shows who is logged into the local system
w .................. shows who is logged on and what they're doing
finger (emailaddr).. shows more information about a user
df ................. shows disk space available on the system
du ................. shows how much disk space is being used up by folders
chmod .............. changes permissions on a file
bc ................. a simple calculator
make ............... compiles source code
gcc (file.c) ....... compiles C source into a file named 'a.out'
gzip ............... best compression for UNIX files
zip ................ zip for IBM files
tar ................ combines multiple files into one or vice-versa
lharc, lzh, lha .... un-arc'ers, may not be on your system
dos2unix (file) (new) - strips CR's out of dos text files
unix2dos (file) (new) - adds CR's to unix text files
display list of files dir/w dir ls
dir ls -l
display contents of file type cat
display file with pauses type filename | more more
copy file copy cp
find string in file find grep
fgrep
compare files comp diff
rename file rename OR ren mv
delete file erase OR del rm
delete directory rmdir OR rd rmdir
change file protection attrib chmod
create directory mkdir OR md mkdir
change working directory chdir OR cd cd
get help help man
apropos
display date and time date, time date
display free disk space chkdsk df
print file print lpr
display print queue print lpq
Unix commands reference card
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Environment Control
Command Description
cd d Change to directory d
mkdir d Create new directory d
rmdir d Remove directory d
mv f1 [f2...] d Move file f to directory d
mv d1 d2 Rename directory d1 as d2
passwd Change password
alias name1 name2 Create command alias (csh/tcsh)
alias name1="name2" Create command alias (ksh/bash)
unalias name1[na2...] Remove command alias na
ssh nd Login securely to remote node
exit End terminal session
sentenv name v Set env var to value v (csh/tcsh)
export name="v" set environment variable to value v (ksh/bash)
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Output, Communication, & Help
Command Description
lpr -P printer f
or
lp -d printer f Output file f to line printer
script [f] Save terminal session to f
exit Stop saving terminal session
mailx username Send mail to user
man name Unix manual entry for name
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Process Control
Command Description
CTRL/c * Interrupt processes
CTRL/s * Stop screen scrolling
CTRL/q * Resume screen output
sleep n Sleep for n seconds
jobs Print list of jobs
kill % Kill job n
ps Print process status stats
kill -9 n Remove process n
CTRL/z * Suspend current process
stop %n Suspend background job n
cmmd& Run cmmd in background
bg [%n] Resume background job n
fg [%n] Resume foreground job n
exit Exit from shell
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Environment Status
Command Description
ls [d] [f...] List files in directory
ls -1 [f...] List files in detail
alias [name] Display command aliases
printenv [name] Print environment values
quota Display disk quota
date Print date & time
who List logged in users
whoami Display current user
finger [username] Output user information
chfn Change finger information
pwd Print working directory
history Display recent commands
! n Submit recent command n
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File Manipulation
Command Description
vi [f] Vi fullscreen editor
emacs [f] Emacs fullscreen editor
ed [f] Text editor
wc f Line, word, & char count
cat f List contents of file
more f List file contents by screen
cat f1 f2 >f3 Concatenates f1 & f2 into f3
chmod mode f Change protection mode of f
cmp f1 f2 Compare two files
cp f1 f2 Copy file f1 into f2
sort f Alphabetically sort f
split [-n] f Split f into n-line pieces
mv f1 f2 Rename file f1 as f2
rm f Delete (remove) file f
grep 'ptn' f Outputs lines that match ptn
diff f1 f2 Lists file differences
head f Output beginning of f
tail f Output end of f
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Compiler
Command Description
cc [-o f1] f2 C compiler
lint f Check C code for errors
f77 [-o f1] f2 Fortran77 compiler
pc [-o f1] f2 Pascal compiler |